UN news about Sudan. Republic of Sudan Capital: Khartoum. Image source, Getty Images. Read full media profile. Related Topics. Sudan Omar al-Bashir. Published 6 September BBC Arabic. That option did not work. Armed militias, known as Janjaweed, began systematically attacking and destroying villages considered sympathetic to the rebels.
In the six years that followed, Darfuris saw nearly 3, of their villages destroyed or damaged. In the first 10 years of the conflict, the UN estimated that , people lost their lives. Drinking water source improved: urban: Sanitation facility access improved: urban: Major cities - population , JUBA capital 5.
Children under the age of 5 years underweight Council of State - last held 1 June National Assembly - last held on April note - elections for an as yet defined new legislature to be held in at the expiry of the Transnational Legislative Council. Industry and infrastructure in landlocked South Sudan are severely underdeveloped and poverty is widespread, following several decades of civil war with Sudan.
Continued fighting within the new nation is disrupting what remains of the economy. The vast majority of the population is dependent on subsistence agriculture and humanitarian assistance. Property rights are insecure and price signals are weak, because markets are not well-organized. Chinese investment plays a growing role in the infrastructure and energy sectors. Nevertheless, South Sudan does have abundant natural resources. South Sudan holds one of the richest agricultural areas in Africa, with fertile soils and abundant water supplies.
Currently the region supports million head of cattle. At independence in , South Sudan produced nearly three-fourths of former Sudan's total oil output of nearly a half million barrels per day.
The Government of South Sudan relies on oil for the vast majority of its budget revenues, although oil production has fallen sharply since independence. Oil is exported through a pipeline that runs to refineries and shipping facilities at Port Sudan on the Red Sea. The economy of South Sudan will remain linked to Sudan for some time, given the existing oil infrastructure. The outbreak of conflict in December , combined with falling crude oil production and prices, meant that GDP fell significantly between and Since the second half of oil production has risen, and is currently about , barrels per day.
Poverty and food insecurity has risen due to displacement of people caused by the conflict. Much of rural sector activity is focused on low-input, low-output subsistence agriculture. South Sudan is burdened by considerable debt because of increased military spending and high levels of government corruption.
Economic mismanagement is prevalent. Civil servants, including police and the military, are not paid on time, creating incentives to engage in looting and banditry. The government has funded its expenditures by borrowing from the central bank and foreign sources, using forward sales of oil as collateral. Long-term challenges include rooting out public sector corruption, improving agricultural productivity, alleviating poverty and unemployment, improving fiscal transparency - particularly in regard to oil revenues, taming inflation, improving government revenues, and creating a rules-based business environment.
Sudan has experienced protracted social conflict and the loss of three quarters of its oil production due to the secession of South Sudan. The oil sector had driven much of Sudan's GDP growth since For nearly a decade, the economy boomed on the back of rising oil production, high oil prices, and significant inflows of foreign direct investment.
Since the economic shock of South Sudan's secession, Sudan has struggled to stabilize its economy and make up for the loss of foreign exchange earnings. Ongoing conflicts in Southern Kordofan, Darfur, and the Blue Nile states, lack of basic infrastructure in large areas, and reliance by much of the population on subsistence agriculture, keep close to half of the population at or below the poverty line.
Sudan was subject to comprehensive US sanctions, which were lifted in October Sudan is attempting to develop non-oil sources of revenues, such as gold mining and agriculture, while carrying out an austerity program to reduce expenditures.
Sudan introduced a new currency, still called the Sudanese pound, following South Sudan's secession, but the value of the currency has fallen since its introduction.
Khartoum formally devalued the currency in June , when it passed austerity measures that included gradually repealing fuel subsidies. Inflation rate consumer prices Distribution of family income - Gini index 46 est.
Budget revenues:
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