For example, it is common for Sikhs to offer food to those visiting a gurdwara the primary place of worship for Sikhs. Buddhism has become more widely practised in India over the last 30 years. This is partially due to the increased migration of exiled Buddhist monks from Tibet. However, its popularity has also increased as many from the 'untouchables' caste view it as a viable alternative to Hinduism in contemporary Indian society.
Jainism also originated as a countermovement that opposed some of the teachings and doctrines of early Hinduism. As such, Jains tend to promote vegetarianism and animal welfare. Another common practice in the Jain lay community is samayika , a meditative ritual intended to strengthen one's spiritual discipline.
Samayika is often practised in a religious setting, such as a temple, before a monk, or in one's home. Most Jains reside in Maharashtra, Gujarat and Rajasthan. Christianity is the third most followed religion in India, mostly concentrated in the far south and Mumbai.
Converts to Christianity have come mainly from traditionally disadvantaged minorities such as lower castes and tribal groups. Create your own Cultural Atlas with bookmarks, collections and a unified, searchable interface. Join over organisations already creating a better workplace. You can download this cultural profile in an easy-to-read PDF format that can be printed out and accessed at any time. The figure of the total population of each country is drawn from the global estimates listed in the CIA World Factbook , unless otherwise stated.
All other statistical information on the demographics of the migrant population in Australia is based on the Australian Housing and Population Census. Indian Culture. Core Concepts. How did religion influence Indian society? Where is Hinduism influential today? How has Hinduism influenced American culture? How has Hinduism influenced culture? Is America mentioned in Vedas?
Where was America during Mahabharata? Is Myanmar a Hindu country? Who is best God in the world? Is Shiva a male or female? Furthermore, in this essay, I will examine each religious belief and dig deeper in an act to pursue the mutual understandings of these beliefs.
To begin with, the practice. They helped the societies create more special characteristics, and bring social order in the societies. Hinduism in India, and Confucianism in China, both did help to influence and improve the societies deeply.
Confucianism and Hinduism both were focus on. Imagine a religion so old that it is said to be timeless and has always been there, even before humans set foot on the Earth. Hinduism is a very complex religion, yet it still sets one ultimate goal for the soul. To deeper understand Hinduism we must reveal its origin, doctrines, customs, and culture.
Although we do not know the exact time that Hinduism began, it is believed to be over 4, years old. There have been overlapping civilizations in India that may have molded the religion into what it is now Kinnard 1. Around 2, B. Near the end of the Indus Valley Civilization around 1, B. Believed to be brought by the central Asian Aryans, the Vedic religion began Kinnard. The gods they worshipped were mainly gods of nature such as the fire god and the plant god flood. This era was the time of the Vedas, which are scriptures describing rituals to please the gods Kinnard.
Even more surprising are the significant populations of devotees who remain devotees, even with the allegations, and justify and rationalize the behavior of their guru or deny the allegations entirely.
Many of these gurus drew their practices in some fashion from the Indic teachings of yoga. Yoga is a multifaceted term that is used in many different contexts and draws on Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism. Hindus in the United States often think of their religious practice as the daily performance of one or all of these forms of yoga.
Other gurus have advocated for the path of kriya yoga , the path of contemplation. However, in popular North American parlance the term yoga has begun to signify modern postural yoga, a system of sequential physical postures that was popularized in the early 20th century in India by T.
These contemporary yogis drew on ancient Indic systems of philosophy and meditation that also included some minor references to physical postures. To these roots, they added physical motions from the traditional Indian sport of wrestling, Indian bodybuilding, and even Swedish gymnastics and European esoteric dance.
While its roots could be sourced to the Indic religious traditions, including Hinduism, it quickly took flight and became wildly popular globally in multiple forms and with endless variations. The postural yoga community in the United States is largely a fitness- and health-oriented industry, but nevertheless 63 percent of all North Americans believe that yoga is a spiritual practice.
Like the Californian textbook controversies, this debate also derives from questions of representation. In order for Hindu ideas to become accepted into mainstream American culture, many of their non-Indian Hindu proponents have erased the term Hinduism in favor of terms like spirituality , yoga , and meditation. The result is that many ideas derived from Hinduism are not attributed to Hinduism, and this continues to foster debates about religious misrepresentation and erasure in the public sphere.
The literature regarding Hinduism in the United States is still developing as a distinct subfield to the study of Hinduism, gurus, and yoga more generally. As a result, much of the literature that addresses forms of Hindu-derived religiosity in the United States is located within studies that may include sections on the United States but are focused on India or globally. Studies focused on 20th-century and contemporary Indian Hindu communities in the United States have contributed broadly to the sociological understanding of Hinduism within the analytical frame of immigration and religion.
In the United States, religion functions as a location for building and solidifying ethnic identities among immigrant populations. Though it has been attempted by many, Srinivas Aravamudan has compiled the most thorough historical account of the various roles of Hinduism and gurus in North American history in Guru English. Brian Pennington , Was Hinduism Invented?
Leaders of the Brahmo Samaj Madras: G. Natesan, , Ralph Rusk , ed. See also Edward Waldo Emerson , ed. Alan D. Richard Hughes Seager , ed. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, , 4. Kurien, A Place at the Multicultural Table , Carl T. Kurien, A Place at the Multicultural Table. Raymond Brady Williams , ed. Aravamudan, Guru English. Karen Pechilis , ed. Bryant and Maria L. Ekstrand , eds. Printed from Oxford Research Encyclopedias, Religion.
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Password Please enter your Password. Forgot password? Don't have an account? Sign in via your Institution. You could not be signed in, please check and try again. Sign in with your library card Please enter your library card number. Search within Show Summary Details Hinduism in America. Hinduism in America. Keywords Hinduism Vedanta gurus yoga temples Hindutva Asian religions transcendentalism nationalism diaspora. Imaginaries of Hinduism — The image and, more importantly, the imaginary of the Hindu and Hinduism arrived at the shores of North America long before significant populations of Indian Hindus did.
Yoga Many of these gurus drew their practices in some fashion from the Indic teachings of yoga. Review of the Literature The literature regarding Hinduism in the United States is still developing as a distinct subfield to the study of Hinduism, gurus, and yoga more generally. Further Reading Albanese, Catherine L. Beckerlegge, Gwilym. Black, Sarah Brown. Bose, Purnima. Coward, Harold , John R. Hinnells , and Raymond Brady Williams , eds. Deslippe, Philip. Doniger, Wendy. New York: Penguin Press, Eck, Diana.
Hess, Gary R. Iwamura, Jane Naomi. New York: Oxford University Press, Jackson, Carl T. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, Lavan, Spencer. Chicago: Exploration Press, Mehta, Reena. Narayan, Kirin.
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