Again, if an infected person handles food without washing their hands properly after peeing, they can spread the infection to someone else who eats the contaminated food.
In parts of the world with poor sanitation, infected human waste can contaminate the water supply. People who drink contaminated water or eat food washed in contaminated water can develop typhoid fever. After eating food or drinking water contaminated with the Salmonella typhi bacteria, the bacteria moves down into the digestive system, where they will quickly multiply. Typhoid fever is uncommon in the UK, with around infections confirmed each year.
Most of these people became infected while visiting relatives in Bangladesh, India or Pakistan. But you're also at risk if you visit Asia, Africa or South America.
As the infection progresses, you may lose your appetite, feel sick, and have a tummy ache and diarrhoea. Some people may develop a rash. If typhoid fever isn't treated, the symptoms will continue to get worse over the following weeks and the risk of developing potentially fatal complications will increase.
Read more about the symptoms of typhoid fever and the complications of typhoid fever. Typhoid fever requires prompt treatment with antibiotics. If typhoid fever is diagnosed early, the infection is likely to be mild and can usually be treated at home with a 7- to day course of antibiotic tablets.
More severe typhoid fever usually requires admission to hospital so antibiotic injections can be given. How can I protect myself from typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever? If you are planning to travel outside the United States, you should do the following: Get vaccinated against typhoid fever there is no vaccine against paratyphoid fever.
Find out how to avoid getting sick from food and drinks. Can animals spread typhoid fever or paratyphoid fever to people? Salmonella Typhi and Salmonella Paratyphi live only in humans. Information for Travelers. Links with this icon indicate that you are leaving the CDC website. Linking to a non-federal website does not constitute an endorsement by CDC or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the website.
You will be subject to the destination website's privacy policy when you follow the link. There are two types of typhoid vaccine available, but a more powerful vaccine is still needed. The live, oral version of the vaccine is the strongest of the two.
After 3 years, it still protects individuals from infection 73 percent of the time. However, this vaccine has more side effects. The current vaccines are not always effective, and because typhoid is so prevalent in poorer countries, more research needs to be done to find better ways of preventing its spread. This makes it hard to stamp out the disease, because carriers whose symptoms have finished may be less careful when washing food or interacting with others.
Typhoid is spread by contact and ingestion of infected human feces. This can happen through an infected water source or when handling food. The following are some general rules to follow when traveling to help minimize the chance of typhoid infection:.
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